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目的了解银川市郊温棚种植者消化系统疾病的患病率,探讨温棚种植作业人员患消化系统疾病的危险因素。方法对银川市郊448名温棚种植者通过问卷调查收集是否患有消化系统疾病及一般人口学、生活习惯、温棚劳作特性等信息,应用非条件二分类Logistic回归模型筛选消化系统疾病的影响因素。结果调查对象中患有消化系统疾病37人,患病率为8.26%。危险因素主要有女性(OR=4.752,95%CI=1.271~17.772)、采用机器喷洒农药(OR=11.837,95%CI=2.243~62.846)、喷洒农药后不洗手(OR=195.007,95%CI=5.905~6438.727)。保护因素包括温棚面积(OR=0.550,95%CI=0.405~0.747)、喷洒农药的时间间隔(OR=0.807,95%CI=0.653~0.997)。结论温棚种植者消化系统疾病患病率比一般人群高;文化水平较低、自我保护意识差是温棚从业者的主要特征,也是导致消化系统疾病高发的主要因素。因此温棚种植者在使用机器喷洒农药时需做好自身防护,根据家庭情况合理分配劳作,科学的增加温棚通风量及合理使用农药。
Objective To understand the prevalence of digestive diseases in greenhouse growers in Yinchuan and to explore the risk factors of digestive diseases in greenhouse operators. Methods A total of 448 greenhouses in Yinchuan suburbs collected information on whether they had digestive system diseases, general demography, living habits and greenhouse working characteristics by questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used to screen the influencing factors of digestive diseases . Results There were 37 digestive diseases in the survey subjects, with a prevalence of 8.26%. The main risk factors were female (OR = 4.752, 95% CI = 1.271-17.772). The pesticide was sprayed on the machine (OR = 11.837,95% CI = 2.243 ~ 62.846) = 5.905 ~ 6438.727). The protective factors include the greenhouse area (OR = 0.550, 95% CI = 0.405-0.747) and the pesticide spraying interval (OR = 0.807, 95% CI = 0.653-0.997). Conclusion The prevalence of digestive system diseases among greenhouse farmers is higher than that of the general population. The low level of education and poor self-protection are the main characteristics of greenhouse operators and the main factors leading to the high incidence of digestive diseases. Therefore, greenhouse growers in the use of machinery spraying pesticides to be self-protection, reasonable distribution according to the family work, scientific increase greenhouse ventilation and rational use of pesticides.