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近几年来,夏季北冰洋融冰出现明显加快的态势.融冰过程引起了表层海水CO_2浓度的变化,在2008年中国国家北极科学考察(CHINARE)航次通过深入到88°N的北冰洋中心区的170°W断面观测,发现表层海水中CO_2在冰覆盖下,融冰区和融冰后开阔水域等不同状况下出现了明显的变异性.针对所观测到的表层海水二氧化碳分压(pCO_2)变异性现象,我们提出了北冰洋快速融冰情景下的表层海水pCO_2变异的“低-低-高”假设,即海冰覆盖下的海水是“低”p CO_2,刚融冰的海水是“低”pCO_2,而融冰后的开阔海水会出现“高”pCO_2.出现这种“低-低-高”pCO_2变异现象是由不同驱动过程引起的.冰覆盖下海水低pCO_2,控制因素可能是水体受到不同水团的混合过程、温度变化、冰-水CO_2交换和生物冰藻微吸收CO_2过程控制,其主要诱因还需要进一步探索;现场观测表明刚融冰时海水的低pCO_2主控因素可能是生物的CO_2吸收,以及CaCO3溶解共同作用;而融冰后开阔海水的高CO_2已被论证为由于大气中CO_2快速进入海水和水体增温引起的.
In recent years, the melting of ice in the Arctic Ocean in summer has obviously accelerated, and the ice melting process has caused the change of CO 2 concentration in surface seawater. In 2008, China National Arctic Scientific Expedition (CHINARE) voyage passed deep into the center of the Arctic Ocean at 88 ° N ° W cross-section observation, it was found that CO 2 in surface seawater had obvious variability under different conditions, such as ice covered area, melting ice area and open water area after melting ice. In view of the variability of observed surface seawater carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO_2) Phenomenon, we propose the “low-low-high” hypothesis of pCO_2 variation in surface seawater under the condition of rapid ice melting in the Arctic Ocean. That is, seawater covered by sea ice is “low” p CO_2. “Low ” pCO_2, and “icy” pCO_2 appears in open sea ice after melting ice. This “low-low-high” pCO_2 variation is caused by different driving processes. Low pCO_2, the controlling factors may be that the water body is controlled by the mixing process of different water masses, temperature changes, ice-water CO 2 exchange and micro-absorption CO 2 process of bio-ice algae. The main inducement also needs to be further explored. The low pCO_2 master factor may be CO_2 absorbent, and CaCO3 dissolution interaction; and the high melting ice CO_2 open sea has been demonstrated in the atmosphere to enter the seawater and CO_2 rapid warming caused by the water.