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为了科学解决城市组团间运输通道优化问题,首先对传统美国公路局(BPR)函数进行改进,通过引入通行能力影响因子以及区分交通流类型的方法,建立了组团间运输通道的行程时间可靠性测算模型;其次构建以运输通道可靠性最大为上层模型,用户平衡最优为下层模型的双层优化模型,并设计模型求解算法;最后将理论方法应用到南京市组团间运输通道优化案例中。研究结果表明:基于改进BPR函数的可靠性测算方法更适用于高等级、中长距离路段可靠性的计算,能客观反映出组团间运输通道通行能力易受过境车流影响的特征;采用双层优化模型后,南京市组团间运输通道整体可靠性水平提升了约11%,其中,原有运输通道可靠性的差距明显降低,中心城区以及江宁区周边路段可靠性提高了约15%,有效解决了中心城区路段可靠性偏低的问题;新方案与原方案对比分析显示,新方案可靠性比原方案提高了约6%,路段流量降幅约为4%,新方案对提升道路可靠性效果更好,而原方案则更有利于路段流量降低。采用提出的方法有效缓解了路段可靠性分布不均,中心城区路段可靠性偏低的问题,能够为城市组团间运输通道优化方案决策提供理论依据。
In order to scientifically solve the transportation corridor optimization problems among urban agglomerations, firstly, the traditional American Highway Bureau (BPR) function is improved. By introducing the influence factors of traffic capacity and distinguishing traffic flow types, the reliability of travel time of inter-group transport corridor is established Model. Secondly, a bi-level optimization model with the maximum reliability of transportation corridor as the upper model and the optimal user balance as the lower model is constructed, and the model solving algorithm is designed. Finally, the theoretical method is applied to the case of inter-group transportation corridor optimization in Nanjing. The results show that the reliability estimation method based on the improved BPR function is more suitable for the calculation of the reliability of high-grade and medium-long-distance sections, which can objectively reflect the characteristics that the passage capacity of transportation corridors between groups is easily affected by the traffic flow; After the model, the overall reliability of transportation corridors in Nanjing increased by about 11%. Among them, the difference of the reliability of the original transport corridors was obviously reduced, and the reliability of the central urban area and the surrounding sections of Jiangning District increased by about 15%, effectively solving the problems The reliability of the central urban road section is low; comparative analysis of the new scheme and the original scheme shows that the reliability of the new scheme is increased by about 6% compared with the original scheme and the traffic flow in the road section is reduced by about 4%; the new scheme is more effective in improving road reliability , While the original program is more conducive to lower road traffic. The proposed method can effectively alleviate the uneven distribution of road reliability and the low reliability of the central urban road sections, which can provide a theoretical basis for the decision-making of the optimization of transport routes between cities.