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一、前 言 “能源走廊”是美国电力研究院格鲁克曼和斯奎艾斯首先提出来的设想。它的背景是到21世纪时,石油和天然气的资源将明显减少,而煤的使用量必然成倍地增长。煤既要承担新增加的能源需求(主要是在发展中国家),又要替代石油和天然气(主要是在发达国家)。另一方面,煤的综合利用技术和洁净燃烧技术(主要是脱硫)也有了更为实用和经济的成果。 当然,在此同时,核能也占有重要地位。 “能源走廊”的起点是能源基地,或者说是煤加工基地,主要任务是发电(也可以和核发电相结合),生产煤制品、液体燃料和煤气。 紧跟着的是煤化工基地和利用煤中的硫和废渣而建设的硫化工基地和建材基地。 格鲁克曼和斯奎艾斯别出心裁之处是利用压缩空气管道作为储能系统和输能系统。据埃利奥特的研究表明,在一定规模下,这种输能系统比传统的输电方式经济。 压缩空气管道由能源基地通往城市,沿管道两侧将建设一批耗能企业而形成工业带,“能源走廊”可能因此而得名。 除此以外,能源基地以输电网、煤气管网和热水管网向外输送能量。
I. INTRODUCTION The “Energy Corridor” was the first proposed by the U.S. Institute of Electric Power, Gluckman and Squece. Its background is that by the 21st century, the resources of oil and natural gas will be significantly reduced, and the use of coal will inevitably grow exponentially. Coal must not only bear the newly increased energy demand (mainly in developing countries), but also replace oil and natural gas (mainly in developed countries). On the other hand, coal’s comprehensive utilization technology and clean combustion technology (mainly desulfurization) also have more practical and economical results. Of course, at the same time, nuclear energy also occupies an important position. The starting point of the “energy corridor” is the energy base, or coal processing base. The main task is to generate electricity (which can also be combined with nuclear power generation) to produce coal products, liquid fuels, and gas. Followed by the coal chemical industry base and the use of coal in the sulfur and waste residue and the construction of the sulfide base and building materials base. What makes Grouchman and Squieses unique is the use of compressed air pipelines as energy storage systems and energy transmission systems. According to Elliott’s research, at a certain scale, this energy transmission system is more economical than traditional transmission methods. Compressed air pipelines will lead from the energy base to cities, and a number of energy-consuming enterprises will be built along both sides of the pipeline to form industrial belts. The “energy corridor” may be named after this. In addition, energy bases use energy from the transmission grid, gas pipe networks, and hot water pipe networks.