一、前言微处理机是一种由一块或几块大规模集成电路芯片构成的信息处理机。它包括运算器(连同寄存器,常用的寄存器有:贮存器地址寄在器(MAR),存贮器数据寄存器(MDR),累加器(AC),程序计数器(PC),堆栈,暂时存贮器(通用寄存器),指令寄存器(IR,状态寄存器)和控制器两大部分;若以微处理机作为中央处理单元,配以 I. Introduction Microprocessor is a kind of information processor composed of one or several large-scale integrated circuit chips. It includes an operator (along with registers). Common registers include: MAR, MDR, AC, Program Counter (PC), Stack, Temporary Memory (General purpose register), instruction register (IR, status register) and controller two parts; if the microprocessor as the central processing unit, together with