论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨宁夏回族自治区盐池县动物间鼠疫流行的影响因素。方法野鼠密度调查采取分层抽样方法,鼠疫病原学的分离采取剖检鼠类脏器,取病变组织压印培养的方法;蚤类细菌学检验采取集组培养的方法。结果2002-2006年盐池县长爪沙鼠鼠疫监测抽样面积占疫源地面积的15.93%,长爪沙鼠平均密度11.02只/hm2,鼠体染蚤率平均34.17%,鼠体蚤指数平均0.85;以2005年和2006年的鼠密度、鼠体染蚤率及鼠体蚤指数3项指标为高。5年中共捕获野鼠4633只,隶属于4科6属8种。5年共检出鼠疫菌68株。其中剖检鼠类3523只,检出鼠疫菌57株;鼠体寄生蚤共收集2393匹,集组培养380组,检菌11株。结论该疫源地在鼠类种群构成方面,以长爪沙鼠和子午沙鼠为优势种,三趾跳鼠、五趾跳鼠和黑线仓鼠、小毛足鼠为常见种,灰仓鼠和黄鼠为稀有种;动物间鼠疫的暴发与鼠密度、鼠体染蚤率及鼠体蚤指数3项指标呈正相关性;盐池县实施的退耕还林还草及周期性禁牧生态工程,短期内增加了鼠害及动物间鼠疫暴发的频度和危险。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of plague prevalence in Yanchi County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Methods Stratified sampling method was used to investigate the density of wild rats. The etiology of plague was studied by dissection of murine viscera and embossed culture of diseased tissues. Bacteriological tests of fleas were taken as group culture method. Results In 2002-2006, the sampling area of the plague in the Yanji County was 15.93% of the epidemic area, the average density of Meriones unguiculatus was 11.02 / hm2, the average flea flea rate was 34.17% and the flea index was 0.85 ; In 2005 and 2006 rat density, flea flea rate and mouse flea index three indicators. In the past five years, 4633 wild voles were captured, belonging to 8 families, 6 genera, and 4 families. In the past five years, 68 Y. pestis strains were detected. Among them, 3523 mice were interrogated and 57 strains of Yersinia pestis were detected. A total of 2,393 parasitic fleas were collected in the group, and 380 were collected and 11 were collected. Conclusions The foci originated from the population of rodents, the gerbils of Meriones unguiculatus and Meriones unguiculatus were the dominant species. The three-toed, five-toed, and black hamster, The outbreaks of the plague in animals were positively correlated with the rat density, the rate of flea infection in the body and the flea index of the rats. In the short term, the outbreak of returning farmland to forestry and grassland and the grazing banned animal husbandry in Yanchi County, Increased the frequency and risk of plague outbreaks between rodents and animals.