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1700—1760年是英国工业革命的准备阶段,此间经济与社会结构的变迁,致使劳资冲突日趋激烈。工资待遇是劳资双方斗争的焦点,劳工采取各种方式同雇主斗争,雇主也毫不示弱地进行防御和反击。劳工结社的兴起、冲突的频繁性及暴力性是这一时期劳资冲突的主要特征。本文认为,受家长制保护主义的影响,英国对于初露端倪的劳资冲突进行了较为积极的立法干预,从而在一定程度上缓和了劳资关系,有利于生产及社会秩序的稳定。
1700-1760 is the preparatory phase of the British Industrial Revolution, where changes in economic and social structure led to the intensification of labor-management conflicts. Wages are the focus of the fight between employers and employees; employers struggle in various ways with their employers, and employers defended and counterattacked without any sign of weakness. The rise of labor association, the frequent and violent conflicts are the main features of labor conflicts in this period. This paper argues that under the influence of patriarchal protectionism, the United Kingdom conducted a relatively positive legislative intervention on the debacle of collective-owned labor conflicts, thereby easing the labor-capital relations to a certain extent and contributing to the stability of production and social order.