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[目的]通过对三峡库区梅溪河流域土壤侵蚀多样性的分析,以期为研究区生态环境治理与保护提供依据。[方法]以三峡库区梅溪河流域为研究对象,在GIS技术支持下,以1988年、1999年、2010年TM影像为数据源,提取梅溪河流域不同坡度各土壤侵蚀类型面积,计算出土壤侵蚀多样性与均匀度指数。[结果]随坡度的增加,土壤侵蚀强度、多样性与均匀度指数均以25～35°坡度带为转折点呈先增后减的变化趋势。[结论]①因研究区主要为微度侵蚀及轻度侵蚀占流域总面积最大且最大比重达15.57%,土壤侵蚀多样性与均匀度指数在5~35°坡度带增加表明侵蚀强度增强、侵蚀类型更为均匀、生态环境破坏程度加重,在>35°坡度带指数减小表明侵蚀强度减轻、环境得到恢复与改善。②土地利用分布及其变化与土壤侵蚀多样性和均匀度指数的关系密切。③土壤侵蚀问题虽得到缓解,但土壤侵蚀多样性与均匀度指数变幅均不超过0.02,表明三峡库区土壤侵蚀治理强度仍需跟进。
[Objective] Based on the analysis of the diversity of soil erosion in Meixi River Valley in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the purpose was to provide the basis for ecological environment control and protection in the study area. [Method] Taking Meixi River Basin in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as the research object, with the support of GIS technology, taking the TM image of 1988, 1999 and 2010 as the data source, the area of soil erosion of different slopes in Meixi River Basin was extracted and calculated Out of soil erosion diversity and evenness index. [Result] With the increase of slope degree, the soil erosion intensity, diversity and evenness index tended to increase firstly and then decrease with the 25 ~ 35 ° slope belt turning point. [Conclusion] ① Because the total area of the basin was the largest and the maximum proportion was 15.57% due to the micro-erosion and mild erosion in the study area, the increase of soil erosion diversity and evenness index in 5 ~ 35 ° slope showed that the erosion intensity increased and the erosion The types are more uniform and the degree of damage to the ecological environment aggravates. The reduction of the slope index at> 35 ° shows that the erosion intensity is relieved and the environment is restored and improved. ② The distribution of land use and its change are closely related to the diversity and evenness index of soil erosion. (3) Although the issue of soil erosion has been alleviated, the variation range of soil erosion diversity and evenness index does not exceed 0.02, indicating that the strength of soil erosion control in Three Gorges Reservoir Area still needs to be followed up.