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地震断层错动会引起上覆土层变形,从而造成断层附近的建筑结构、管线产生附加的变形和内力引起破坏。通过一个土工离心机试验分析上覆饱和黏土层在4步连续断层错动作用下的静力响应行为。着重分析断层错动引起的地层变形的范围、不均匀沉降区的分布特点、剪切裂缝在土层传播路径及地表开裂的位置等工程上重点关注的问题。得到以下几点认识:(1)基岩断层错动引起的地层变形范围基本上不受基岩错动量大小的影响。(2)断层错动引起地层的不均匀沉降区基本呈三角形分布,其地表宽度约为1倍左右的土层厚度。(3)基岩错动引起的主剪切裂缝基本沿竖直方向向上传播,其传播距离取决于基岩错动量及土体的破坏应变。(4)基岩断层错动在主剪区的下盘一侧边缘会产生张拉裂缝,且产生张拉裂缝所需基岩错动量远小于产生剪切裂缝所需的错动量。
Seismic fault dislocation will cause overlying soil deformation, resulting in the fault structure near the building, additional deformation of the pipeline and internal force caused by damage. Through a geotechnical centrifuge test, the static response of supersaturated clay layer under 4-step continuous faults was analyzed. This paper focuses on analyzing the range of formation deformation caused by fault dislocation, the distribution characteristics of uneven subsidence area, the focus of shear crack propagation in soil and the location of surface cracking. Get the following understanding: (1) bedrock faults caused by deformation of the strata deformation basically not affected by the size of the bedrock error. (2) The non-uniform settlement of the strata caused by fault dislocation has a triangular distribution with a surface width of about 1 times the thickness of the soil. (3) The main shear fractures caused by the bedrock deviation move upwards along the vertical direction. The propagation distance depends on the bedrock displacement and the failure strain of the soil. (4) Misplacement of bedrock faults will lead to tension cracks in the edge of the lower section of the main shear zone, and the amount of bedrock displacement required to generate tension cracks is much smaller than the amount of the displacement needed to generate shear cracks.