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中国柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)是干旱及半干旱地区的重要建群物种。为便于其有效利用和引种栽培,对黑河中游和烟台海滨的中国柽柳的开花动态、花粉活力、柱头可授性、访花者种类、花粉-胚珠比(P/O)、杂交指数(OCI)及座果率进行观测,结果表明:黑河中游和烟台海滨柽柳的花期和柱头可授性相似,花序花期为2-5天,开花当天柱头可授活性最大,之后逐渐下降,第4天柱头无可授性;花粉活力和访花者种类差别较大,黑河柽柳开花第1天花粉活力为(62±4.31)%,最高为(82.12±7.23)%,4天后花粉完全失活。烟台柽柳的花粉活力在开花后第1天最高为(89.13±7.23)%,第4天花粉活力下降为(11±1.12)%。黑河中游和烟台海滨柽柳的访花者均以膜翅目昆虫为主,黑河柽柳以黑带斑沙蜂(Bembix melanura)、卡切叶蜂[Megachile(Amegachile )kagiana]和黑带食蚜蝇(Episyrphus balteatus)等为主要访花者;烟台柽柳以姬蜂(Ichneumonsp.)、大灰食蚜蝇(Metasyrphus corollae)和灰地种蝇(Delia platura)等为主要访花者。二者P/O值、OCI及座果率差异不显著,黑河和烟台柽柳的P/O值分别为373.6±71.9和382.1±86.2;最高座果率分别为(89.72±7.76)%和(93.17±8.21)%;OCI均为3。上述研究结果显示,黑河中游和烟台海滨柽柳均为兼性异交的繁育系统。
Tamarix chinensis is an important colonization species in arid and semi-arid regions. In order to facilitate its efficient use and introduction, the flowering dynamics, pollen viability, stigma receptivity, the type of petunia, pollen-ovule ratio (OCI), pollen index (OCI) The results showed that the flowering stage and stigma receptivity of Tamarix chinensis in the middle reaches of Heihe River and Yantai were similar. The inflorescence flowering stage was 2-5 days. The stigma receptivity was the highest on flowering day and then decreased gradually. On the fourth day, Pollen vitality and the type of visitors were quite different. The pollen viability of Tamarix chinensis on the first day was (62 ± 4.31)%, the highest was (82.12 ± 7.23)%. The pollen completely inactivated after 4 days. The pollen viability of Tamarix chinensis in Yantai reached the highest (89.13 ± 7.23)% on the first day after flowering and decreased to (11 ± 1.12)% on the fourth day. The visitors to the middle reaches of the Heihe River and Tamarix in Yantai were all Hymenoptera. The Tamarix chinensis was dominated by Bembix melanura, Megachile (Amegachile) kagiana, Episyrphus balteatus) were the main visitors; Tamarix chinense was the main visitor to Ichneumonsp., Metasyrphus corollae and Delia platura. There was no significant difference in P / O value, OCI and fruit set percentage between the two groups. The P / O values of Tamarix chinensis in Heihe and Yantai were 373.6 ± 71.9 and 382.1 ± 86.2, respectively; the highest fruit setting rates were (89.72 ± 7.76)% and ± 8.21)%; OCI is 3. The above results show that the middle reaches of the Heihe River and Yantai sea tamarisk are all-sex breeding system.