在苏联的每一所普通中学和中等专业学校里,人们都能看到身着军服的教员,他们就是根据苏联1967年普遍义务兵役法而设置的军事指导员。军事指导员属于学校在编教员,是有权穿军装的预备役军官,享有学校教师所享有的一切权利和待遇、可兼班主任,受校长领导,同时接受当地民防机构的指导。军事指导员的职责是主管学校的军事教研室;按规定的教学大纲组织和主持基本军事训练、民防训练等必修课和 In every ordinary and secondary vocational school in the Soviet Union, one can see instructors dressed in military uniforms, who are military instructors set up under the 1967 General Compulsory Military Service Act of the Soviet Union. Military instructors, who belong to the school, are reserve instructors who have the right to wear military uniforms and enjoy all the rights and privileges enjoyed by school teachers. They may be class leaders who are led by the principal and are also guided by local civil defense agencies. The military instructor’s duty is to supervise the military affairs department of the school; to organize and preside over the compulsory courses such as basic military training and civil defense training according to the prescribed syllabus