《生物的遗传与变异》隶属于初中生物学义务教育教科书(人民教育出版社)八年级下册第七单元第二章,在初中生物课中占有重要位置,同时也是难点。本文力图通过对教材进行分析和处理帮助老师突破教学难点,有效开展教学。一、教材内容分析生物圈中生命的延续和发展是第七单元的主题,生命的延续和发展依托于生物的生殖和发育,而遗传和变异就伴随在生殖和发育的过程当中。《生物的遗传和变异》一章共五节课,其中关于遗传四节, “Inheritance and mutation of biology” belongs to the second chapter of the seventh unit of the eighth grade of the eighth grade, which belongs to the junior middle school textbook of compulsory education in biology (People’s Education Press), which occupies an important position in the junior middle school biology class and is also a difficult point. This article tries hard to analyze and deal with the teaching materials to help teachers to break through teaching difficulties and effectively carry out teaching. First, the textbook content analysis The continuation and development of life in the biosphere is the theme of the seventh unit, the continuation and development of life relies on biological reproduction and development, and genetic and mutation are accompanied by the process of reproduction and development. The chapter “Genetics and Variation of Biology” consists of five lessons, of which four sections on heredity,