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灵芝Gnoderm lucidum Krst.多孔菌科.别名木灵芝、红芝、赤芝、万年蕈 。菌盖色彩有红、黄、紫、白、黑5种。表面革质有光泽,素有五灵芝之美称。美丽多彩的子实体具有很高的观赏价值。主要含有机锗,具有促进机体功能代谢、延缓衰老的功效。除用于医药(有滋补、强壮、消炎、利尿、健胃等功效),还用于高级化妆品的保健添加剂、用酒浸泡灵芝,长期饮用也能收到延缓衰老的功效。 随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的不断提高,开发灵芝资源前景广阔。1 生态及生长习性 灵芝子实体由菌丝形成,菌丝不透明,具有分隔及分枝,表面常分泌白色草酸钙结晶;子实体有菌柄,菌盖及菌伞下边的子实层三部分组成。成熟的子实体木质化,表面革质化有光泽,多为赤褐色和紫褐色。正常的菌盖多呈肾形,上有环状轮纹及辐射状皱纹。大小薄厚不一,一般5～12×10～20cm;厚2～3cm;菌盖下面有无数小孔,平均 4～5/mm2,管孔呈白色或淡褐色,内壁为子实层,孢子从子实层内产生,褐色,卵形.8～11×5～7μm,中央含个大油滴。菌柄侧生.长5～20cm,色与盖同。 灵芝是喜培养基质含水率高、偏酸和培养场所空气湿度大且清鲜的高温高湿型木腐真菌。菌丝生长温度4～40℃;要求基质的含水率达50×10~(-2)80×10~(-2);而子实体在18℃以上时才能分化和发育。菌?
Ganoderma lucidum Gnoderm lucidum Krst. Polyporocaceae. Alias wood Ganoderma lucidum, red chili, red ginseng, million years mushroom. Cap color red, yellow, purple, white and black 5 species. Leather shiny surface, known as the reputation of five Ganoderma lucidum. Beautiful and colorful fruiting bodies have a high ornamental value. Mainly containing organic germanium, with the promotion of functional metabolism, anti-aging effect. In addition to the medicine (nourishing, strong, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, stomach and other effects), but also for senior cosmetics health additives, soaked in alcohol Ganoderma lucidum, long-term drinking can also receive anti-aging effect. With the economic development and continuous improvement of people's living standards, the development of Ganoderma lucidum resources has a bright future. 1 Ecological and Growth Habits Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies formed by hyphae, mycelium opaque, with separation and branching, the surface often secrete white calcium oxalate crystals; fruiting bodies have stipe, fungus cover and bacteria under the umbrella of the sub-layer of three parts . Mature fruiting body lignification, shiny leather surface, mostly auburn and purple-brown. The normal cap is mostly kidney-shaped, there are annular ring pattern and radial wrinkles. The average thickness is 4 ~ 5 / mm2, the tube hole is white or light brown, the inner wall is the stratum corneum, and the spores from Sub-layer produced, brown, oval. 8 ~ 11 × 5 ~ 7μm, the center contains a large oil droplets. Stipee lateralis long 5 ~ 20cm, color and cover the same. Ganoderma lucidum is like to cultivate the substrate moisture content is high, partial acid and air humidity in the training venue and fresh high temperature and humidity type wood rot fungi. Mycelium growth temperature 4 ~ 40 ℃; substrate moisture content of 50 × 10 ~ (-2) 80 × 10 -2; and fruiting bodies at 18 ℃ above the differentiation and development. bacteria?