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棉花的花瓣颜色,花粉粒颜色,叶片形状和颜色,茎叶上茸毛有无,苞叶形状,花外蜜腺有无,花柱头形状等,属于棉花质量性状.棉花质量性状遗传研究的对象是控制这些性状的基因突变体.研究内容包括:1.突变体的发现与保存;2.遗传分析(遗传测验,对性测验,连锁测验和单体测验);3.突变体在育种上的应用.在棉花遗传育种研究中发现一个棉花质量性状突变体后,首先要进行遗传测验,以明确该突变性状是受单基因还是双基因所控制,是显性还是隐性基因.接着做对性测验,检查新发现的突变体是新发生的突变基因,还是已有突变基因位点上新出现的复等位基因.第三步为连锁测验,以测验新发现的突变基因和已明确的标记基因之间是相互独立基因还是连锁基因.最后是单体测验,利用单体和端体
Cotton flower petals color, pollen grain color, leaf shape and color, stems and leaves on the hair, the shape of the bract, the presence of extrafloral nectaries, the shape of the head of the flower, belonging to the cotton quality traits. Cotton quality traits genetic research object Gene mutations that control these traits include: 1. Discovery and conservation of mutants; 2. Genetic analysis (genetic testing, sexual testing, linkage testing, and monomer testing); 3. Application of mutants in breeding After a cotton quality trait mutant was discovered in a cotton genetic breeding study, a genetic test was first performed to determine whether the trait was controlled by a single gene or a double gene, either dominant or recessive, followed by a sex test , To check whether the newly discovered mutant is a newly occurring mutant gene or whether there is a new complex allele that has been found in a mutated gene locus.The third step is a linkage test to test the newly discovered mutated gene and the well-defined marker gene Between the genes are independent of each other or chain genes and finally monomeric test, the use of monomer and terminal body