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催乳素(PRL)是由垂体前叶催乳素分泌细胞所分泌的肽类激素。人PRL 分子量为23000,由198个氨基酸组成,其排列顺序已明确,但其分泌机制及生物活性尚有许多不明之处。脊椎动物PRL 的生物作用约有100多种,人PRL 除与泌乳有关外,可能还有其他生理所必需的作用,对此尚不明确。本文对PRL 分泌超过或低于生理范围的原因、症状、治疗等进行综述。一、PRL 分泌异常的原因垂体分泌的PRL 受下丘脑促催乳素释放因子(TRF)与催乳素抑制因子(PIF)的调节。前者有促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)、肾上腺素组织胺、血管活性肠多肽等,后者多巴胺(DA)起主要作用,有GABA(gammaaminobutitric 酸)作用。通过这些和尚未明确的因子维持血中的水平,这些因子的平衡受破坏即导
Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide hormone secreted by prolactin-secreting cells in the anterior pituitary. Human PRL molecular weight of 23000, composed of 198 amino acids, the order has been clear, but its secretion mechanism and biological activity, there are many uncertainties. The biological role of vertebrate PRL is about 100 kinds of human PRL in addition to lactation, there may be other physiological necessary role, which is not yet clear. This article reviews the causes, symptoms, treatments and other aspects of PRL secretion over or under the physiological range. First, the abnormal secretion of PRL pituitary secretion of PRL by the hypothalamic prolactin releasing factor (TRF) and prolactin inhibitory factor (PIF) regulation. The former has thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), epinephrine histamine, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, the latter dopamine (DA) play a major role in the role of GABA (gammaaminobutitric acid). Maintaining blood levels through these and yet to be determined factors, the balance of these factors is compromised