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生命历程理论的关注点在于将个体的生命历程看作是宏观社会力量和社会结构的产物,进而研究剧烈的社会变迁对个人生活与发展的显著影响。社会学的想象力则以批判美国社会学界的成果作为主题,提出社会科学久而成习的五种偏向和重建社会科学的四种召唤,贯穿其中的是米尔斯提出的经济、政治、文化力量影响日常生活的各个侧面。通过对生命历程理论与社会学的想象力进行比较分析,分别从社会背景、方法论、分析视角、学科背景、对待社会历史的态度五个方面论述两种理论的差异。不过,生命历程理论和社会学的想象力在方法论意义上殊途同归,两者都彰显了宏观分析取向,试图构建个体与整体、结构与行动、宏观与微观的内在联结和交互主体性,碰撞出不同学科理论视角的思想火花。
The focus of the life history theory lies in taking the individual’s life course as the product of the macro-social forces and social structure, and then studying the significant influence of dramatic social changes on the life and development of individuals. Sociological imagination, based on the critique of the achievements of the American sociological community, proposes five biases in social sciences and four summons to rebuild the social sciences. It runs through the economic, political and cultural forces proposed by Mills Affect every aspect of daily life. Through the comparative analysis of life course theory and sociological imagination, this paper discusses the differences between the two theories from five aspects of social background, methodology, analysis perspective, subject background and social history. However, the theory of life course and the imagination of sociology have different approaches in the methodological sense. Both of them demonstrate the orientation of macroeconomic analysis, attempting to construct the internal connection and interaction subjectivity between individual and whole, structure and action, macro and micro, Discipline Theory Perspective Spark of Thought.