鼻腔是呼吸的主要通道,不断地与外界进行气体交换。空气中漂浮着的病原体(病毒、细菌)和尘埃经鼻孔吸入,侵入鼻腔、鼻咽部及上呼吸道。正常情况下,鼻粘膜分泌的粘液、粘多糖、溶菌酶、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SlgA)及纤毛摆动,能灭活病原体和净化异物;当气温突然变化,受寒冷袭击后,鼻腔及鼻咽部毛细血管收缩,局部 Nasal cavity is the main channel of breathing, constantly with the outside world for gas exchange. In the air floating pathogens (viruses, bacteria) and dust inhalation through the nose, penetrating the nasal cavity, nasopharynx and the upper respiratory tract. Under normal circumstances, mucus secreted by the nasal mucosa, mucopolysaccharides, lysozyme, secreted immunoglobulin A (SlgA) and ciliary wobble, inactivation of pathogens and purification of foreign body; when the temperature changes suddenly, after the cold attack, nasal and nasal Pharyngeal capillary contraction, local