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糖尿病(DM)患者胰腺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌等的发病率和死亡率显著高于非DM患者。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)合成通路是肿瘤细胞蛋白合成的关键途径,二甲双胍直接下调该通路,减少细胞生理性能量消耗,遏制蛋白合成。DM患者长期处于前炎症状态,细胞氧化还原功能受损,诱发易感细胞癌变。二甲双胍可磷酸化腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK),下调肿瘤坏死因子及核转录因子水平,通过修复线粒体功能和抑制活性氧簇生成,改善氧化应激和炎症状态,对肿瘤的发生发展产生积极的影响。
The incidence and mortality of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those of non-DM patients. The mammalian pathway of synthesis of the target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key pathway for tumor cell protein synthesis. Metformin directly down-regulates this pathway, reducing cellular physiological energy expenditure and inhibiting protein synthesis. Long-term DM in patients with pre-inflammatory state, impaired cellular redox function, induced susceptible cell carcinogenesis. Metformin phosphorylates adenylate activated protein kinase (AMPK), down-regulates levels of tumor necrosis factor and nuclear transcription factors, improves oxidative stress and inflammatory status through repair of mitochondrial function and inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation, and has a positive effect on the occurrence and development of tumors Impact.