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胚胎转移微核试验是根据微核试验的同一原理,用来筛选可透过胎盘屏障诱发胎儿染色体损害的化学诱变物质,为评价胚胎潜在性遗传危害的简便、快速检测方法。胚胎转移微核试验由Cole于1979年首先报道,根据妊娠期胎儿红细胞在肝脏内生成和发育,以及致突变因子和致癌因子在胎儿肝脏内代谢的特点,给妊娠期动物染毒,然后取母鼠骨髓、胎肝和胎血做微核试验,分析比较哺乳类动物母体和胎儿细胞中微核的出现率,筛选透过胎盘屏障而诱发胎儿染色体损伤的化学诱变剂。
Embryo transfer micronucleus test is based on the same principle of micronucleus test, which is used to screen chemical mutagens which can induce fetal chromosomal damage through the placental barrier. It is a simple and rapid method to evaluate the potential genetic damage of embryos. Embryo transfer micronucleus test was firstly reported by Cole in 1979. According to the characteristics of fetal erythrocytes during pregnancy, which are produced and developed in the liver and the metabolism of mutagenic and carcinogenic factors in fetal liver, gestational animals were exposed to the virus, Rat bone marrow, fetal liver and fetal blood micronucleus test to analyze the comparison of mammalian maternal and fetal cell micronuclei in the incidence of screening through the placental barrier induced fetal chromosomal damage chemical mutagens.