价值认同是维系社会的根本保障。价值认同的体系化与制度化,在世界其他古代文明地区,一般是借助宗教教权的推动才得以实现。而古代中国社会的发展,却显示出其相对的特殊性。中国本土的道教及印度舶来的佛教,都没有达到能够建构主流社会价值体系的程度。作为传统社会主流意识形态的创造者——儒家,虽然在当代也被不少学者称为儒教,但从形态上看,它并没有超出学术流派的范畴。儒家的创始人孔子并不具备神性,也不拥有使众生匍匐的超自然“法力”。儒家后学的杰出者如 Value recognition is the fundamental guarantee for maintaining the society. The systematization and institutionalization of value identification are generally achieved in the other ancient civilized regions of the world with the help of religious rights. The development of ancient Chinese society, however, shows its relative particularity. Both Taoism in China and Buddhism in India have not reached the level where the mainstream social value system can be constructed. As the founder of traditional social mainstream ideology - Confucianism, although Confucianism is also called by many scholars in contemporary society, it does not go beyond the scope of academic schools. Confucius, the founder of Confucius, does not possess the divine nature and does not possess the supernatural “magic power” that makes the sentient beings prostrate. Outstanding scholars such as Confucianism