考古学是通过研究人类物质文化遗存来体现事物发展与联系、探索社会发展规律的实证学科 ,19世纪形成的一些哲学思想对考古学的形成起到了直接的促生与催化作用。孔德的实证主义学说首先是考古学诞生的理论前提 ,其后 ,赉伊尔的均变论刺激了考古学地层学的形成 ,达尔文的进化论导致了考古学类型学的产生 Archeology is an empirical discipline that reflects the development and connection of things and the law of social development by studying human material and cultural relics. Some philosophical ideas formed in the 19th century played a direct role in promoting and catalyzing archeology. Comte’s Positivism doctrine is first and foremost a theoretical prerequisite for the birth of archeology. Thereafter, the homogeneity theory of Goyle stimulated the formation of archeology stratigraphy, and Darwin’s theory of evolution led to archeology typology