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充分了解气体放大倍数特性对正比计数器的设计和使用非常重要。球形组织等效正比计数器(Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter,TEPC)在辐射防护领域具有广泛应用,有必要对TEPC气体放大倍数进行分析,以指导探测器的设计和运行。本文设计了Benjamin结构的TEPC,采用有限元法分析该球形TEPC内的电场分布,验证了Benjamin结构TEPC具有均匀的电场分布和气体放大倍数分布。利用Garfield程序和ANSYS软件模拟计算了一定工作条件下TEPC的绝对气体放大倍数。使用Benjamin结构的球形TEPC和内置241Amα源进行了放大倍数实验测量并与模拟进行了对比。结果表明,Garfield程序和ANSYS相结合模拟计算的TEPC绝对气体放大倍数结果与实验测量结果符合较好,可用于TEPC探测器气体放大倍数计算,为探测器的设计和运行提供参考。
It is important to fully understand the characteristics of the gas amplification factor for the design and use of proportional counters. The Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC) is widely used in the field of radiation protection. It is necessary to analyze the TEPC gas magnification to guide the design and operation of the detector. Benjamin structure TEPC is designed in this paper. The electric field distribution in the spherical TEPC is analyzed by finite element method. It is verified that the TEPC of Benjamin structure has uniform electric field distribution and gas amplification factor distribution. The absolute gas magnification of TEPC under certain working conditions was simulated by using Garfield program and ANSYS software. A magnification experiment was performed on a Benjamin-structured spherical TEPC with a built-in 241 Amα source and compared with the simulation. The results show that the TEPC absolute gas amplification calculated by the combination of Garfield program and ANSYS is in good agreement with the experimental measurement results, which can be used to calculate the gas magnification of TEPC detector and provide reference for the design and operation of the detector.