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明代前期(洪武至弘治年间)是中国历史上一个十分重要的时期。这时期的汉语保留着元代语言的许多特点。文章通过对明代前期语文政策的梳理揭示这些政策对汉语发展的影响。明代前期朝廷颁布了一系列语文新政,恢复了汉语的正统地位,力避蒙古语的使用,确立了以《洪武正韵》为正音标准和文字规范标准,提倡朴实、简洁的文风。这些语文政策对明代前期的汉语语言系统产生了较大影响,也显示出汉语开始得到国家高度上的语言统一和规范化,这为后来汉语标准语的发展奠定了基础。
The early Ming Dynasty (Hongwu to Hongzhi years) is a very important period in Chinese history. Chinese during this period retained many features of the Yuan Dynasty language. The article reveals the influence of these policies on the development of Chinese through the combing of the language policy in the early Ming Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, the court enacted a series of new policies on Chinese affairs, restored the orthodox position of Chinese language and avoided the use of Mongolian language. It established a simple and concise style of writing based on the orthographic standard of “Hongwuzhengyun” and the normative writing standard. These language policies had a great influence on the Chinese language system in the early Ming Dynasty, and also showed that Chinese language began to be unified and standardized at the national level, which laid the foundation for the subsequent development of Chinese standard language.