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在周恩来的一生中,1939年春的皖南新四军军部之行具有深远的历史意义。时值国民党政策的重点从对外转向对内,实行积极反共、消极抗日的转变时刻;抗日战争进人相持阶段的历史关头;新四军的发展遇到严重阻碍。周恩来此行,代表党中央,确定了新四军的战略方针,初步改善了新四军主要领导人项英与叶挺之间的关系,加强了新四军领导层的团结。在此后一年多里,新四军从2万多人迅速发展到9万多人,为坚持大江南北的游击战争、巩固华中抗日民主根据地奠定了坚实的基础。
During his life in Zhou Enlai, the visit of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui in the spring of 1939 has far-reaching historical significance. The time when the focus of the Kuomintang policy shifted from the outside to the interior was a moment of momentous transformation of the active anti-communist and anti-Japanese aggression. The anti-Japanese war entered a phase of stalemate. The development of the New Fourth Army encountered serious obstacles. On behalf of the party Central Committee, Zhou Enlai paid a visit to the Central Military Commission and set forth the strategic guidelines for the New Fourth Army. He initially improved the relations between Xiang Ying and Ye Ting, the chief leaders of the New Fourth Army, and strengthened the unity of the leadership of the New Fourth Army. In the ensuing more than a year, the New Fourth Army rapidly expanded from over 20,000 to more than 90,000, laying a solid foundation for upholding the guerrilla war in the north and south of the major rivers and consolidating the base for the anti-Japanese democracy in central China.