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为了使铝合金更好的服役于航空领域,就有必要对其微观结构进行实验表征,从而可以在铝合金微观结构和宏观性能之间搭建桥梁,最终优化铝合金的综合性能。本文介绍了航空用2xxx,6xxx和7xxx系铝合金发展历程以及时效析出过程中的微观结构演变,如Al-Cu合金GP区、Al-Cu-Mg合金GPB区等重要物相的结构特征,以及AlCu-Mg合金S相析出行为等都已得到了透彻的研究;阐述了透射电镜、扫描透射电镜、三维原子探针等技术的结合在Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金Ω相、Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金β″相的晶体结构及界面结构以及铝合金晶间腐蚀机理等研究上的应用;本小组实现了复杂选区电子衍射谱的快速模拟及标定,并基于会聚束电子衍射实现了对析出相体积分数的精确测量;最后指出,高分辨透射电镜原位加热研究及透射电镜原位力学测试等新技术手段的应用,对深层次研究铝合金相变规律、变形行为具有跨时代意义。
In order to make the aluminum alloy serve the aeronautical field better, it is necessary to characterize its microstructure experimentally, which can bridge the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the aluminum alloy and finally optimize the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy. In this paper, the development history of microstructures of 2xxx, 6xxx and 7xxx aluminum alloys used in aeronautics and the evolution of microstructure during aging precipitation, such as GP-Al-Cu alloy and GPB area of Al-Cu-Mg alloy, Al-Cu-Mg alloys have been studied thoroughly. The effects of the combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (TEM) Si-Cu alloy β "phase of the crystal structure and interface structure and the aluminum alloy intergranular corrosion mechanism and other research applications; the group to achieve complex selection of electron diffraction spectra of rapid simulation and calibration, and based on the convergence of beam electron diffraction to achieve the Finally, it is pointed out that the application of new techniques, such as in-situ heating of high-resolution transmission electron microscope and in-situ mechanical testing of transmission electron microscope, is of great significance for the further study on the phase transformation and deformation behavior of aluminum alloys.