2019年11月CATTI三级笔译 实务真题(汉译英)

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  Passage 1
  [1] 作为中国浙江省省会城市,杭州是中国著名历史文化名城。距今约5300多年的良渚文化遗址(位于杭州余杭区)是中华文明发祥地之一。
  [2] 杭州以美丽的山水著称于世。中国古代谚语“上有天堂,下有苏杭”表达出古往今来人们对于这座美丽城市的由衷喜爱。位于杭州西南的西湖,以其秀丽的湖光山色和众多名胜古迹而成为闻名中外的旅游胜城,2011年被正式列入《世界遗产名录》。此外,气势浩荡的钱江大潮,每年吸引无数游客。
  [3] 杭州拥有丰富的历史文化遗迹。南起杭州,北到北京的京杭大运河始建于1631年,全长约1797公里,是世界上最长、最古老的人工水道。2014年6月22日,京杭大运河正式入选《世界遗产名录》。
  [4] 在世界上,杭州也颇具有知名度。13世纪,意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗(Marco Polo)在游记中赞叹杭州为“世界上最美丽之城”。2011年,杭州曾被美国《纽约时报》评为全球41个旅游城市之一,被联合国评为“国际花园城市”。
  [5] 杭州还曾在中美建交过程中扮演重要角色,2015年1月,中国提出发展“旅游外交”。杭州作为著名旅游城市,又率先实践“旅游外交”。
  【参考译文】
  [1] Located on China’s southeast coast, Hangzhou is the capital of Zhejiang Province and a historically and culturally famed city. Its Yuhang area, the site of the prehistoric Liangzhu culture which existed more than 5,300 years ago, is one of the origins of Chinese civilization.
  [2] Hangzhou is well known for its beautiful hills, rivers and lakes. The old proverb “Find heaven in Suzhou and Hangzhou” best expresses people’s heartfelt, abiding love for this fabulous city. The West Lake southwest of Hangzhou has already become a tourist destination with renowned scenic spots and historical sites. It was added to the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2011. Besides, the tidal waves of the vast and mighty Qiantang River attracts numerous tourists each year.
  [3] Hangzhou boasts many sites of historical or cultural interest. The Grand Canal from Hangzhou to Beijing began construction in 1631. It is about 1,797 kilometers long, in fact the world’s longest and oldest manmade waterways. It became included on the World Heritage List on June 22nd, 2014.
  [4] Hangzhou is famous outside of China as well. Marco Polo, the 13th-century Italian traveler, lauded it in his travel notes as “the world’s most beautiful city.” In 2011, Hangzhou was added to the list of the 41 tourist cities around the world by the New York Times, a leading newspaper in the U.S.A., and won the status of a “global garden city” at the United Nations.
  [5] Hangzhou played a big role, too, in forging Sino-U.S. diplomatic relations. In January, 2015, when China launched the idea of “tourist diplomacy,” Hangzhou as a prestigious tourist city took the lead along that line.
  【譯评】
  [1]这段原文及其英译有四点值得留意:第一,“作为中国……省会城市,杭州是……历史文化名城”在逻辑上稍有缺陷。“作为”引出行政地位,“是”引出历史文化地位,但实际上,这两个地位之间并无必然关联。在以下三个例句中:① “作为我工作的一部分,我接受这一责任”表明了身份和态度之间的关联;②“作为一名教师,我想看到我的学生获得成功”表明了身份和愿望之间的关联;③“作为一名有争议的公众人物,他毅然对付了许多带有敌意的批评”表明了身份和行为之间的关联。换言之,身份介绍与后面跟出的句子之间应有明确的逻辑关联。鉴于此,英译将这两个地位并列:… is the capital… and a… famed city. 第二,在“良渚文化遗址(位于杭州余杭区)”这个短语里,“遗址”是主要信息(所以在括号外),“位于……区”是次要或附属信息(所以在括号内)。但英译先提余杭区,然后用同位语引出关于遗址的信息:Its Yuhang area, the site of… 因为本文意在宣传杭州本身,而良渚文化遗址只是碰巧在杭州,所以才被顺带提到。第三,请注意“历史和文化名城”写成英文时的语法规范。应该是副词historically and culturally加定语famed,不该写成形容词historical and cultural。又例:an environmental friendly city中的environmental friendly写法错误,应该是environmentally friendly。第四,“距今约5300多年”译成more than 5,300 years ago,没有了about;因为more than这一提法,乃至300这个有整没零的尾数本身,都暗示了约数,而非确数;about即使用了也多余。
  [2]第一,英译对“古往今来”作了轻处理(abiding的字面意思是“始终不渝的”),这类合理变通在翻译中是允许的。第二,本段开头译“山水”时,已经具体给出了“hills, rivers and lakes”,所以,稍后用笼统的scenic spots来对应“湖光山色”,这是英译规避用词重复的一种手段。同理,如果前面已经用eat and drink来对应“吃喝”,后面就可以用笼统的festivity来规避重复。第三,因为后面第四段里提到,“在世界上,杭州也有……知名度”,所以英译只用renowned一笔带过,隐去了“中外”的意思,以保证全文逻辑的贯通。第四,英译对“秀丽的”和“胜城”作了轻处理,或者索性不予体现。中文往往喜欢把话说满,英文则相对低调。
  [3] 英译用过渡性短语in fact,既使句子结构更为紧凑,也凸显了逻辑上的递进关系。
  [4] 第一,虽然报纸名New York Times之前不加定冠词the,但在英文的实际行文中一般会加。第二,“国际花园城市”不能想当然地译成an international garden city,要查英文原话的出处。至少要有考后查询的意识。第三,原文在“曾被美国《纽约时报》评为……”之后,紧接着又用一遍被动式“被联合国评为……”,而英译时为了避免语态重复,则可处理为一个被动,另一个主动;但主动式“won the status of…”之后跟出的介词,不能还是by,应该改用at。
  [5] 第一,“中美”译成Sino-U.S.,其中的Sino源自古拉丁语。建议三笔考生熟记以下各个用法:Russo-French(俄法),Franco-Russian(法俄),Anglo-Chinese(英中),Sino-British(中英),Italo-French(意法),等等。请注意这些复合词中前一半的词尾-o。第二,用took the lead along that line来译“率先实践‘旅游外交’”,也是为了避免无谓的重复。                         □
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