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在智能天线系统中,由于各阵元之间存在着耦合和激励误差,在对下行波束进行赋形时,这些误差会使产生波束指向严重偏离期望的方向,造成天线增益下降。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于最小二乘支持矢量机(LS_SVM)的下行波束盲校正算法:该算法首先利用发射的训练序列对支持矢量机(SVM)进行训练,然后利用所得的权值补偿耦合和激励误差,使发射波束的指向符合期望的方向,最后采用自适应波束综合算法产生主波束宽度以及副瓣电平符合期望值的方向图。对该方法进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明,该算法简单易行,具有实时处理的能力。
In the smart antenna system, due to the coupling and excitation errors between the array elements, when forming the downlink beams, these errors may cause the generated beams to deviate from the desired direction seriously, resulting in the decrease of the antenna gain. In order to solve this problem, a blind downlink beamforming algorithm based on Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS_SVM) is proposed. Firstly, the training vector of SVM is trained by using the transmitted training sequence, and then the weights Compensating the coupling and excitation error so that the direction of the transmitted beam is in the expected direction. Finally, an adaptive beamforming algorithm is used to generate a pattern of the main beam width and the sidelobe level in accordance with the expected value. The method is verified by simulation. The simulation results show that the algorithm is simple and easy to implement and has the ability of real-time processing.