一、引言岩石组构可分为三种:由沉积和岩浆流动造成的原生组构;岩体变形时,间隙溶液沿易于运动的方向生长成晶体,或裂隙溶液受两壁控制结晶而成的附生组构;岩石形成后,受构造应力作用而成的后生组构。它们都是造成岩石力学性质各向异性的重要原因。岩石中造岩矿物晶粒的规则排列程度愈强,岩石力学性质的各向异性愈显著,由于岩石后生组构是在岩体一定方式的变形中形成的,因而也是鉴定构造应力场和构造运动序次的重要方法,尤其是当构造已被剥蚀难以从形象上鉴定时,更有其独特作用。岩石力学性质的各向异性,直接影响岩体强度、波速和应力的空间分布,并使得这种 I. INTRODUCTION The rock formations can be divided into three types: primary structures caused by sedimentary and magmatic flow; when the rock mass is deformed, the interstitial solution grows into crystals in the direction of easy movement, or the fracture solution is controlled by two walls. Epigenetic structures; epigenetic structures formed by the action of tectonic stress after the formation of rocks. They are all important causes of the anisotropy of rock mechanical properties. The stronger the regular arrangement of the rock-forming mineral grains, the more significant the anisotropy of the rock mechanical properties. Because the epigenetic fabric is formed in a certain manner of deformation of the rock body, it is also the identification of tectonic stress field and tectonic movement. The important method of ordering, especially when the structure has been eroded and difficult to identify from the image, is more unique. The anisotropy of rock mechanical properties directly affects the spatial distribution of rock mass strength, wave velocity, and stress, and makes this