Flux-Bridgman growth and characterization of Mn-doped ZnO single crystals

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Mn-doped ZnO single crystals have been grown by the flux-Bridgman method from a high temperature solution of 24% ZNO-76% PbF2 (molar fraction).A fast nucleation was induced by the gas-cooling system at the bottom of the Pt crucible.A red Mn:ZnO crystal up to 13 mm× 15 mm×(3-4) mm was obtained.Powder XRD patterns showed that the as-grown crystals were in wurtzite structure.Electron Probe Microanalyser (EPMA) revealed that some PbF2 inclusions formed due to fast nucleation.The additional Raman mode at 524 cm-1 was attributed to the incorporation of Mn ions into ZnO crystal.Six-line hyperfine structure was observed in the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra,which confirmed that Mn ions occupied Zn2+ lattice sites with valence state of +2.
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