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目的通过观察大鼠股骨折合并脑外伤时骨痂组织中骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达水平的变化,探讨脑外伤对骨折愈合的影响及作用机制。方法取12周雄性SD大鼠16只随机分成二组,每组8只,A组为单纯骨折组,B组为骨折合并脑外伤组。3周后处死所有大鼠,各组摄X线片后截取骨痂,行免疫组织化学染色测定BMP-2、VEGF的表达水平。结果 X线片示A组骨折端有较少量骨痂形成,骨折线较清晰;B组骨折端有较多骨痂形成,骨折线已模糊。免疫组织化学染色见A组BMP-2阳性细胞数量少于B组,并且显色强;分析显示A组BMP-2平均阳性细胞百分数为1.35%±0.29%,B组2.37%±0.46%,A组VEGF平均阳性细胞百分数为0.93%±0.34%,B组1.58%±0.37%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),BMP-2、VEGF的mRNA表达量B组均显著高于A组。结论脑外伤对骨折愈合有促进作用,可能与其刺激BMP-2、VEGF的表达有关。
Objective To observe the effect of traumatic brain injury on the healing of fracture and the mechanism by observing the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in callus tissue during traumatic brain injury and femoral fracture. Methods Twenty-six male Sprague Dawley rats aged 12 weeks were randomly divided into two groups (n = 8). Group A was a simple fracture group and group B was a fracture combined with brain injury group. After 3 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed, and the callus was intercepted after radiography. The expression of BMP-2 and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results X-ray showed a smaller amount of callus formation in group A and a clearer fracture line. In group B, there were more callus formation and the fracture line was blurred. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of BMP-2 positive cells in group A was less than that in group B, and the color was strong. The average percentage of BMP-2 positive cells in group A was 1.35% ± 0.29%, in group B 2.37% ± 0.46% The average percentage of positive cells of VEGF was 0.93% ± 0.34% in group B and 1.58% ± 0.37% in group B (P <0.05). The mRNA expression of BMP-2 and VEGF in group B was significantly higher than that in group A . Conclusion Brain trauma can promote fracture healing, which may be related to the stimulation of BMP-2 and VEGF expression.