我国以戏曲为题材的版画,盛行于清中叶以后。因这类民间版画多在新年张贴,故又称戏曲年画。 清代的戏曲年画,就构图严整、笔墨经济、主体突出、造型夸张、以写意的方式抒发感情、不重视背景刻划这几点来说,戏曲与民间版画本来就有相通之处,都是民族个性强烈,为老百姓喜闻乐见的艺术形式。尤其是杨柳青和桃花坞的木版戏曲年画,色彩鲜明,有图案化手法。春节期间,门上墙上,贴上一些戏画,喜气迎人,给劳累终年的劳苦百姓一些节日的欢欣。 河北杨柳青,原是一个大集镇,是华北一带最早利用雕版印刷来印制年画的产地之一。杨柳青的戏曲木版年画,继承了北京的雕版印刷传统,并且深深地吸取了一些历代人物绘画的传统技法。清代早期杨柳青所刻印的珍本年画,有许多戏出形式的作品,为我们研究清代戏曲发展及我国民间木刻版画艺术的发展,提供了较为系统而又可靠的资料。 China’s opera as the theme of the print, popular in the mid-Qing after. Because of this type of private print more posters in the New Year, it is also known as the New Year drama. In the Qing Dynasty, the dramas and operas in the Qing Dynasty were composed of a strict structure, a pen and ink economy, a prominent main body, an exaggerated style, an expressive feeling in a freehand manner, and a neglect of background scoring. National personality is strong, for the common people loved by the art form. Especially Yangliuqing and Taohuawu wood-based opera New Year pictures, bright colors, a pattern of techniques. During the Spring Festival, the door on the wall, paste some of the paintings, gratifying welcome, to work hard all year round, some holiday delight. Hebei Yangliuqing, was originally a large market town, is the earliest use of engraving printing in North China to print New Year pictures of the origin. Yangliuqing’s opera woodcut pictures inherit the tradition of engraving printing in Beijing and draw deeply on some traditional techniques of figure painting of various ages. In the early Qing Dynasty, Yangliuqing’s rare and precious New Year pictures were printed in many forms, providing us with systematic and reliable materials for the study of the development of opera in the Qing Dynasty and the development of folk woodcut prints in China.