论文部分内容阅读
钢铁工业在中国属于高能耗工业,煤和电又是钢铁制造的主要能量来源。目前钢铁工业在中国的工业化进程中由于中国经济的转型而处于转型期,而钢铁需求近几年来急速增长也进一步扩大了能源需求。另一方面,由于政府的宏观调控,煤炭和电的价格自1980年以来也在快速增长。巨大的能源需求导致高能耗,而越来越高的能源价格也进一步增加了钢铁制造的成本。激励于降低能耗和减少能源成本的紧迫需求,本文构建了系统动力学模型来帮助探寻相关政策,目的是为了寻找钢铁行业在其转型期内缓解能源问题的方法。此模型有助于学习一个复杂的动态问题,因此能更好的帮助理解能源相关政策的可行性及有效性。测试结果表明大部分可选择的政策仍具有成本效益。然而,如何去实践操作这些政策措施依旧是关键,因为某些政策诸如能源税和研发补贴的可行性在现实世界中仍然面临质疑。另一个结论发现:发展回收废钢的技术有可能有效的缓解二氧化碳排放,且可操作性相对较强。
The steel industry is a high-energy industry in China, and coal and electricity are the main sources of energy for steel production. At present, the steel industry is in the process of transformation due to the transformation of China’s economy in the process of industrialization in China. However, the rapid growth of steel demand in recent years has further expanded the demand for energy. On the other hand, the price of coal and electricity has been growing rapidly since 1980 due to the government’s macro regulation and control. Huge energy needs lead to high energy consumption, and higher and higher energy prices also further increase the cost of steel manufacturing. Inspired by the pressing need to reduce energy consumption and reduce energy costs, this paper builds a system dynamics model to help explore relevant policies aimed at finding ways in which the steel industry can ease its energy problems during its transition. This model helps to learn a complex dynamic issue and therefore helps better understand the feasibility and effectiveness of energy-related policies. The test results show that most of the alternative policies are still cost-effective. However, how to put these policy measures into practice remains the key issue as the viability of some policies such as energy taxes and R & D subsidies is still being challenged in the real world. Another conclusion found that the development of technologies for the recovery of scrap steel may be effective in mitigating carbon dioxide emissions and are relatively maneuverable.