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针对发动机产生低频噪声引起驾驶员生理异常影响战机飞行品质的问题,提出一种薄膜型声学超材料板结构模型进行减振降噪。采用模态分析法对薄膜声学材料的基本特性进行分析,并结合有限元对平板结构模型隔声机理、隔声量影响因素进行了研究。结果显示:隔声量是弹性波与薄膜相互作用声能量衰减的结果,弹性波衰减速度直接影响隔声性能。结果表明:通过改变结构参数,则第一隔声峰处的隔声量增大,第一波谷的频率变化很小,同时薄膜的第一隔声峰向低频移动。
Aiming at the problem that the driver’s physiological abnormality affects the flight quality of the aircraft due to the low frequency noise produced by the engine, a thin-film acoustic metamaterial plate structure model is proposed to reduce vibration and noise. Modal analysis method is used to analyze the basic characteristics of thin film acoustic materials, and the finite element method is used to study the sound insulation mechanism of slab structure model and the influencing factors of sound insulation. The results show that the amount of sound insulation is the result of the attenuation of the acoustic energy of the interaction between the elastic wave and the film, and the attenuation speed of the elastic wave directly affects the sound insulation performance. The results show that by changing the structural parameters, the amount of sound insulation at the first noise peak increases and the frequency of the first wave valley changes little while the first noise peak of the film moves to the low frequency.