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目的了解本地区小儿佝偻病的发病情况,探讨防治小儿佝偻病的方法。方法对2007-2011年辖区散居0-3岁婴幼儿3860人进行定期健康体检,对其家长进行妇幼保健知识宣教。结果调查的0-3岁小儿3860人中,佝偻病患儿539名,患病率为14%,其中轻度459名,占85.2%,中度79名,占14.7%,重度1名,占0.2%。未开展系统健康宣教前,3年患病率分别为15%、15.7%、16.3%,开展系统健康宣教后2年的患病率分别为12.5%、10.7%。母乳喂养的小儿2475人中,虽佝偻病人数为275名,患病率为11%,人工喂养的小儿1385人中,患佝偻病人数为258名,患病率为18.7%。结论 0-3岁小儿是预防佝偻病重点人群,加强佝偻病患儿及其家长妇幼保健知识宣教力度,提高儿保工作人员专业知识水平,指导合理使用维生素D和钙剂,是防治小儿佝偻病的关键。
Objective To understand the incidence of pediatric rickets in the region and explore ways to prevent rickets in children. Methods A total of 3,860 infants and young children aged 0-3 years from 2007 to 2011 were regularly inspected for physical examination and their maternal and child health knowledge was disseminated. Results Among 3860 children aged 0-3 years, 539 were children with rickets, the prevalence was 14%, of which 459 were mild, accounting for 85.2%, 79 were moderate, accounting for 14.7%, and 1 was severe, accounting for 0.2 %. Before the system health education, the prevalence rates in the three years were 15%, 15.7% and 16.3% respectively, and the prevalences in the two years after systematic health education were 12.5% and 10.7% respectively. Among 2475 breast-fed infants, although the number of rickets was 275, the prevalence was 11%. Among 1385 infants, 258 were rodents, with a prevalence of 18.7%. Conclusion 0-3 year-old children are the key groups in prevention of rickets in children with rickets, strengthening knowledge of maternal and child health care for children with rickets and their parents, improving the professional knowledge of child-care workers and guiding the rational use of vitamin D and calcium.