严格意义上的计划经济控制的国营企业,在经历了半个多世纪的实践后,已发生了很大的变革。本文所涉及的国有企业,是指国家可以直接凭所有权影响企业经营行为的那些企业,但是,这种影响既不同于传统的指令性计划,也不同于传统的国家宏观经济政策对私有企业的间接调控。当然,文中对影响的分析,主要侧重于对国有企业的对外贸易经营的影响。 一、国有企业作为外贸政策工具及其可能性 Strictly speaking, state-owned enterprises controlled by the planned economy have undergone great changes after more than half a century of practice. The state-owned enterprises involved in this paper refer to those enterprises that the state can directly influence the business operations by the ownership. However, this kind of influence is different from the traditional mandatory plan and the indirect state-owned private sector indirectly Regulation. Of course, the analysis of the impact of the text mainly focuses on the impact of state-owned enterprises’ foreign trade operations. First, state-owned enterprises as foreign trade policy tools and their possibilities