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本次采用回顾性调查方法,选择居住上海市十年以上的女性乳腺癌患者191例,与同性别、同年龄组、职业相似者1∶2配对,共调查573人。详细询问被调查者一年前的膳食史,以及其他有关因素。根据《食物成分表》将各种食物的摄入量,输入微型计算机,计算每人每日的热量、三大营养素、粗纤维和脂肪酸的摄入量。采用X~2检验,方差分析,相对危险性估计(RR)及标化相对危险性估计(SRR)进行统计分析。结果提示:1.长期摄入高脂肪(>80g)、高蛋白质(>80g)的膳食可增加乳腺癌的危险性,并呈剂量反应关系,以高年龄组脂肪摄入量所呈剂量反应关系更为明显。碳水化物和粗纤维的摄入量与乳腺癌的发生无关。2.多不饱和脂肪酸食入增加者患乳腺癌的危险性大于食入饱和脂肪酸者。3.动物蛋白质的摄入量越高(30g以上),乳腺癌的危险性越大。大豆蛋白质有利于人体健康,并可减少乳腺癌的危险性。4.从膳食构成比例看,可能的威胁是动物性食品。植物性食品的构成比例与乳腺癌的危险牲适与动物性食品相反。目前调查对象的膳食构成比例是较合适的。5.体重和三头肌皮下脂肪厚度观察结果表明,乳腺癌患者明显地较对照组肥胖。6.乳腺癌患者血脂处于正常水平,但高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量却非常显著地低于正常人。
The retrospective survey method was used to select 191 female breast cancer patients who lived in Shanghai for more than ten years and were matched with 1: 2 of the same sex, same age group and occupational similarities, and 573 were investigated. Asked in detail about the dietary history of respondents a year ago, and other relevant factors. According to the “food composition table” will be a variety of food intake, enter the microcomputer, calculate daily calories per person, three nutrients, crude fiber and fatty acid intake. X ~ 2 test, analysis of variance, relative risk assessment (RR) and standardized relative risk assessment (SRR) were used for statistical analysis. The results suggest: 1. Long-term intake of high-fat (> 80g), high protein (> 80g) diet can increase the risk of breast cancer, and dose-response relationship, fat intake in high age group was dose-response relationship More obvious. Carbohydrate and crude fiber intake has nothing to do with the occurrence of breast cancer. 2. polyunsaturated fatty acid intake increased risk of breast cancer is greater than those fed saturated fatty acids. 3. Animal protein intake is higher (30g above), the greater the risk of breast cancer. Soy protein is good for human health and can reduce the risk of breast cancer. 4. From the diet composition ratio, the possible threat is animal food. The composition of plant foods and breast cancer risk animal and animal food as opposed to the contrary. The current dietary composition of the respondents is more appropriate. Body weight and triceps subcutaneous fat thickness results show that breast cancer patients were significantly obese than the control group. Breast cancer patients with normal blood lipids, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower than normal.