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古代,尤其是“古代世界”—对于我们欧洲人,尤其对于大部分意大利人而言,罗马帝国的落没即意味着古代世界的结束—在每一个历史时期,都可以为文化、艺术和建筑创作提供借鉴。它先于我们现有的时代而存在,并以物质的或历史的传承方式延续至今。无论其是处在不断演化的状态,还是处于一种濒临修复或是怀旧复兴的状态,抑或由于意识形态的差别,甚至仅仅是因为愚昧无知而已经消失,向古代世界借鉴都是必要的。从文艺复兴开始,至少到现代运动,我们与古代之间的关系在连续与间断、记忆与遗忘、接连不断的呈现或突如其来的发现、并存与冲突中不断转换。即便是在当下,法律和规范建立起了各种限制,这种关系的复杂性还是衍生出了理论和实践上的各种立场,这些立场并不互相冲突,但也百家争鸣。当然这种关系也会随着主流考古文化及建筑师的态度的发展而变化。本文并不拘泥于讨论与考古遗产特性相关的细节问题,而旨在探讨现代建筑文化与历史之间的复杂关系,这种关系可以被理解为一种可识别的记忆,也可以理解为一种古代在城市中心及其范围中的呈现。我们不能将现代性作为一个时间问题来理解,它不是新事物,因为它没有过去;也不能将之作为当代的某个方面来解读(尽管它确实带来了变革与创新);而是从它与过去的比较来谈。本文旨在追述塑造现代与历史之间关系的各种事件和理论。每一个事件、每一个理论都具有启发价值。通过对欧洲,特别是意大利已建成项目的审视,本文试图勾勒出建筑、考古与景观之间的复杂关系。
The ancient, and especially the “ancient world” - for us in Europe, especially for most Italians, the fall of the Roman Empire means the end of the ancient world - in every historical period, culture, art And architectural creation to provide reference. It exists prior to our present age and continues to this day in a material or historical way. Whether it is in an evolving state, in the state of being on the verge of restoration or nostalgia, or because of differences in ideology, or even simply because ignorance has disappeared, it is necessary to draw lessons from the ancient world. From the beginning of the Renaissance, at least to the modern movement, our relations with the ancient have been continually transformed in continuity and discontinuity, memory and forgetting, successive appearances or unexpected discoveries, coexistence and conflicts. Even now, laws and norms establish various restrictions. The complexity of this relationship has led to various theoretical and practical positions that do not conflict with each other but also compete with each other. Of course, this relationship will also change with the development of mainstream archeology and architects’ attitudes. This article is not limited to discussing the details related to archeological features, but aims to explore the complex relationship between modern architectural culture and history, a relationship that can be understood as a recognizable memory, or as a Ancient city center and its presentation in the area. We can not understand modernity as a matter of time. It is not a new thing because it has no past; nor can it be interpreted as a part of the present (though it does bring about change and innovation) Talk with the past. This article seeks to trace the various events and theories shaping the relationship between modernity and history. Every event, every theory has inspiring value. Through a review of completed projects in Europe, especially Italy, this article attempts to outline the complex relationship between architecture, archeology and landscape.