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[目的]探索海南冬种马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)的适应性及其栽培技术措施。[方法]以马铃薯品种费乌瑞它为试验材料,分别就播种期、种植密度和栽培方式进行试验,研究不同播种期、种植密度和栽培方式对海南冬种马铃薯生长及产量的影响。[结果]随着播种期的推迟,出苗期有所提前,生育期和全生育期则相应缩短。播种期的早晚对产量影响较大,其中以11月14日播种的产量最高,小区平均产量为35.16 kg,折合产量为19 330.20 kg/hm2,商品薯率为92.75%。种植密度以7.5万株/hm2最好,小区平均产量20.53 kg,折合产量23 108.10 kg/hm2,商品薯率为97.08%。栽培方式以黑色地膜覆盖栽培最佳,能提早出苗,提高出苗率,促进苗齐苗壮,小区平均产量20.31 kg,折合产量为22 333.50 kg/hm2,商品薯率达到94.43%。[结论]马铃薯品种费乌瑞它适合海南冬季种植,其最佳播种期、种植密度和栽培方式分别为11月14日、7.5万株/hm2和黑色地膜覆盖栽培。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore the adaptability of Solanum tuberosum in Hainan and its cultivation techniques. [Method] With potato cultivar Feevari as tested material, the planting period, planting density and cultivation method were tested respectively. The effects of different sowing dates, planting density and cultivation methods on the growth and yield of winter potato in Hainan were studied. [Result] As the sowing period was postponed, the emergence period was advanced and the growth period and the whole growth period were shortened correspondingly. The sowing period had a greater impact on the yield in the morning and evening, of which the sown crop was the highest on November 14, with an average yield of 35.16 kg and a yield of 19 330.20 kg / hm2, with a commercial potato yield of 92.75%. Planting density of 75000 plants / hm2 best, the average yield of 20.53 kg plot, yield equivalent to 23 108.10 kg / hm2, potato product was 97.08%. Cultivation with black film mulching cultivation is the best, can be early emergence, increase the emergence rate, promote sprouting seedlings Zhuang Zhuang, the average yield of 20.31 kg, equivalent yield of 22333.50 kg / hm2, potato product rate of 94.43%. [Conclusion] The potato variety Fei Wurui was suitable for winter planting in Hainan. The optimum sowing date, planting density and cultivation method were November 14, 75 000 plants / hm2 and black mulching cultivation respectively.