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以4份田间抗性水平不同的苦瓜为材料,探讨了适用于苦瓜苗期人工接种枯萎病菌的抗性鉴定方法;以此为基础,对来自国内外的43份苦瓜种质资源进行了抗源筛选,以其中的抗病亲本‘0417’和感病亲本‘472113’为材料,研究了苦瓜对枯萎病抗性的遗传规律。结果表明,直接水培接种法是较适合于苦瓜苗期枯萎病抗性鉴定的方法,适宜的接种菌液孢子浓度为4×106.mL-1。在苦瓜种质资源中,枯萎病抗源普遍存在,尤以野生种或半栽培种抗病性较强。苦瓜枯萎病抗性受单一显性核基因控制,其广义遗传力为90.78%。
Four bitter melon cultivars with different levels of field resistance were used as materials to evaluate the resistance of Fusarium oxysporum to artificial inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum at the seedling stage of bitter melon. Based on this, 43 bitter gourd germplasm resources from China and abroad were tested for resistance Screening, the resistant parental ’0417’ and the susceptible parent ’472113’ were used as materials to study the genetic rule of bitter melon resistance to Fusarium wilt. The results showed that direct hydroponic inoculation method is more suitable for the identification of blight resistance in the seedling stage of Momordica charantia. The suitable inoculation spore concentration was 4 × 106.mL-1. In bitter gourd germplasm resources, wilt disease is widespread, especially in wild or semi-cultivated species. The resistance of bitter melon to Fusarium wilt was controlled by a single dominant nuclear gene, and its general heritability was 90.78%.