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终局判决规则是美国联邦上诉程序中颇为重要的一项诉讼规则。终局判决规则的确立,主要是出于司法经济价值和司法效益的考虑,但州法院对此提出了异议。部分的终局判决和集团诉讼中判决的“终局性”的界定对于终局判决规则的准确定位具有重要意义。为了防止终局判决规则在适用中所产生的偏颇,其例外开始出现,包括司法例外和制定法上的例外。1958年制定的《中间上诉法》对联邦民事案件中间上诉制度作了很大的修改,补充和完善了联邦上诉程序终局判决规则。
The final rule is one of the most important rules of procedure in the U.S. federal appeals process. The establishment of the final judgment rule is mainly due to the consideration of judicial economic value and judicial efficiency, but the state court raised objections. Part of the final decision and group litigation in the judgment of the “final” of the definition of the final judgment rules of great significance. In order to prevent bias in the application of the rule of final judgment, exceptions began to emerge, including judicial exceptions and statutory exceptions. The Interim Appeal Law, enacted in 1958, made substantial changes to the system of interlocutory appeals in federal civil cases, supplementing and improving the final rules of the federal appeals process.