美国心理学家柯尔伯格倡导“道德两难法”。他虚构了一个短篇故事,描述主人公如何作出道德抉择。故事是这样的:一个名叫海因茨的人,需要一种昂贵的特效药来挽救生命垂危的妻子。他向发明并控制这种药来源的药剂师提出先付一半的钱,另一半以后再付,却遭到药剂师的拒绝。如果海因茨为挽救妻子偷取药品,就违背了社会“不许偷盗”的规 Kohlberg, a U.S. psychologist, advocates “moral dilemma.” He fictionalized a short story about how the hero made a moral decision. The story is this: a man named Heinz needs an expensive cure to save his dying wife. He offered half the money to the pharmacist who invented and controlled the drug’s source, and the other half later repayments, he was rejected by the pharmacist. If Heinz steals drugs to save his wife, it would violate the social “No steal” rules