“支架”(scaffolding),最早是由美国著名的心理学家和教育家布鲁纳从建筑行业借用的一个术语,用来说明在教育活动中,学生可以凭借由父母、教师、同伴以及他人提供的辅助物完成原本自己无法独立完成的任务。一旦学生能独立完成某种任务,这种辅助物就像建筑竣工后的支架,会被逐渐撤离。这些由社会、学校和家庭提供给学生,用来促进学生心理发展的各种辅助物,就被称为 Scaffolding was first borrowed from the construction industry by the famous American psychologist and educator Bruna to illustrate that in educational activities students can rely on their parents, teachers, peers, Assisted by others to complete the task itself could not be completed independently. Once a student has completed a task on his own, the aid will gradually evacuate like a stand after construction is completed. These kinds of aids, which are provided to students by society, schools and families and used to promote the psychological development of students, are called