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目的 回顾性分析 18例肺发育不全者的X线表现 ,探讨传统X线的诊断价值。材料与方法 男 5例 ,女 13例 ,年龄出生后 5 0分钟～ 3 3岁。其中 6岁以内 12例 ,均有较长病史 ,主要症状为咳嗽、喘息和发热。 18例中摄平片 16例 ,支气管造影 5例 ,CT扫描 1例 ,支气管镜检 6例 ,手术 1例 ,尸检 4例。结果 16例平片示左侧 13例 ,右侧 3例 ;患侧全肺野呈致密影 11例 ,大部分肺野致密影 5例 ;纵隔向患侧移位 15例 ,未移位 1例 ;健侧代偿性肺气肿 14例 ,纵隔疝 11例 ;患者肋间隙变窄 12例。支气管造影示主支气管、叶或段支气管呈盲端 5例。支气管镜检示支气管闭塞 1例 ,伴发骨骼畸形 9例 ,心血管畸形 2例。结论 传统X线检查对肺发育不全具有较高的诊断价值 ,且可发现多种骨发育畸形。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the X-ray findings of 18 cases of lung hypoplasia and explore the diagnostic value of traditional X-ray. Materials and Methods 5 males and 13 females, aged 50 to 330 after birth. Including 6 years of age in 12 cases, have a longer history, the main symptoms are cough, wheezing and fever. 18 cases in 16 cases of flat film, bronchography in 5 cases, CT scan in 1 case, bronchoscopy in 6 cases, surgery in 1 case, autopsy in 4 cases. Results Of the 16 cases, the left side of the plain film showed 13 cases and the right side of 3 cases. The ipsilateral whole lung field showed dense shadow in 11 cases, most of the lung field dense shadow in 5 cases. The mediastinum was displaced to the affected side in 15 cases and not displaced in 1 case ; Contralateral emphysema in 14 cases, 11 cases of mediastinal hernia; patients with narrowed intercostal space in 12 cases. Bronchography showed the main bronchus, leaf or segment bronchial was the blind end in 5 cases. Bronchoscopy bronchial occlusion in 1 case, associated with skeletal deformity in 9 cases, 2 cases of cardiovascular malformations. Conclusion The traditional X-ray examination of lung hypoplasia has a high diagnostic value, and can find a variety of bone deformities.