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马克思究竟是如何看待人类社会的奢侈消费现象的?以往学界对该问题的关注似乎不多,文章试图做些突破。处于人本唯物主义时期的马克思初步观察到奢侈消费作为交往异化典型代表形式的事实;初创历史唯物主义时期的马克思意识到奢侈消费和原始积累一样是资本获利的高级形式,但此时他并没能将这一获利机制的内在机理揭示出来;进入政治经济学批判时期,马克思基于整个资本主义生产逻辑深刻指认了奢侈消费是如何通过等级性身份地位的构建来实现拜物教再生产的。虽然马克思对奢侈消费问题具体着墨不多,且缺乏系统性,但在方法论上却具有不可超越与替代的指导意义。
How did Marx treat the phenomenon of luxury consumption in human society? In the past, there seemed to be few concerns about this issue in the academic circles, and the article tried to make some breakthroughs. In the period of humanistic materialism, Marx initially observed the fact that luxury consumption was a typical representative of the process of alienation of contacts. Marx in the initial historical materialism realized that luxury consumption is an advanced form of capital profit-taking just as primitive accumulation did, The internal mechanism of this profit-making mechanism can not be revealed. In the critical period of political economy, Marx deeply identifies how luxury consumption realizes fetishism reproduction through the construction of hierarchical status based on the logic of capitalist production as a whole. Although Marx does not write much about the problem of luxury consumption and lacks systematization, it is instructive in methodology that it can not be surpassed and replaced.