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自从大约一百年前开展系统的谷类作物育种工作以来,德国谷类作物的产量增加了三倍.统计年鉴上的数据表明,产量在逐年稳定增加,1880年前后每公顷约为12公担,1930年增加到24公担,1982年达到了48公担.育种成就仅是产量增加的部分原因,栽培措施的改进亦增加了产量.最近,Schuster等人(1982)在德国的海森对1951-1981年的谷类作物进行了试验分析,并确定了育种成就使产量增加的比例.Hoeser等人(1981)通过比较一些新老冬小麦品种求出了育种进展值,并根据产量组成因素分析了它们之间的差异.Pommer(1983)也对冬小麦新老品种进行了比较,并在试验中加进了施用化肥和机械防倒措施.
Production of cereal crops in Germany tripled since systematic cereal crop breeding was carried out about 100 years ago.Data from the Statistical Yearbook shows a steady increase in production year by year and around 12 kgs per hectare around 1880 and 1930 Year to 24 hectares and to 48 hectares in 1982. Breeding success is only part of the increase in production and improvement in cultivation measures also increases production.Recently Schuster et al. (1982) The 1981 cereal crops were analyzed experimentally and the proportion of successful breeding achievements was determined.Hoeser et al. (1981) obtained the breeding progress values by comparing some old and new winter wheat varieties and analyzed them according to the yield components Pomer (1983) also compared old and new winter wheat varieties and added fertilizer and mechanical anti-dumping measures to the trial.