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以中国东部渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷、沾化凹陷和苏北盆地古近系富有机质泥页岩为例,对自然流体压力缝类型、特征及其对烃类初次运移的作用开展研究。结果表明,流体超压是自然流体压力缝产生的主要原因。自然流体压力缝有3种类型:早期泄水缝、顺层脉状裂缝和生排烃裂缝。早期泄水缝以其蛇曲形态为典型特征;顺层脉状裂缝中充填纤维状方解石脉,并与有机质共存;干酪根生烃增压形成的生排烃裂缝是富有机质泥页岩幕式排烃的关键。自然流体压力缝、层理缝和构造缝等多种成因的裂缝逐级汇聚形成相互连通的裂缝网络,是烃类重要的初次运移通道和储集空间,在多尺度渗流过程中充当渗流通道,且是实现泥页岩储集层体积压裂的前提。
Taking the Dongying sag, Zhanhua sag, and the Paleogene organic-rich shale in the Jiyang Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin in eastern China as an example, the types and characteristics of natural fluid pressure seams and their effects on the initial migration of hydrocarbons the study. The results show that fluid overpressure is the main reason for the natural fluid pressure cracks. There are three types of natural fluid pressure joints: early drainage slits, bedding veins, and hydrocarbon-generating fractures. Early venting is characterized by its serpentine curvature. The bedding veins are filled with fibrous calcite veins and coexist with organic matter. The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion fractures formed by kerogen stimulation are organic-rich shale episodes The key to hydrocarbon expulsion. Natural fluid pressure cracks, stratified fractures and structural fractures and other causes of the gradual convergence of the gradual convergence of the formation of interconnected fracture network is an important hydrocarbon migration pathways and storage space, multi-scale seepage flow in the process as a seepage channel , And it is the prerequisite to realize the volume fracturing of shale reservoirs.