世袭土目是清代在土司制度方面推行的一项新举措,以四川最多。清代四川世袭土目达68家,其中由土司降为土目者45家,直接授予土目者16家,另有7家情况不详,而可考之土目皆无号纸。世袭土目制度一方面采用土目世袭的方式延续了土司制度下因俗而治的传统,另一方面又限制了地方势力,体现出清代土司制度的发展与创新。 Achilles heel is a new move in the Qing Dynasty in the chieftains system to Sichuan up. In the Qing Dynasty, there were 68 hereditary soil types in Sichuan, of which 45 were from the chieftain to the soil type, 16 were directly granted to the soil type, and another 7 were not yet known. On the one hand, the hereditary soil system inherited the tradition of governing under the chieftain’s system under the chieftain’s system, and on the other hand, it restricted the local forces and reflected the development and innovation of the chieftain system in the Qing Dynasty.