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金黄色葡萄球菌引起的医院获得性感染问题至今仍备受国内外有关部门重视。控制感染的一个重要策略就是弄清传染源及传播途径，中断菌株在敏感病人之间或无症状携带者与病人之间的传播，这样的流行病学研究依赖于有高鉴别力的分型系统来辨别菌株的相关性。本文就金葡菌传统的基于表型的噬菌体分型、血清学分型、耐药谱分型、凝固酶分型以及新兴的质粒分型、染色体ＤＮＡ脉冲电泳分型、核糖分型和全细胞蛋白图谱分型等分子生物学分型方法作一综述。
The problem of hospital-acquired infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus is still receiving the attention of relevant departments at home and abroad. An important strategy for infection control is to understand the source of infection and the route of transmission, disrupting the spread of the strain between sensitive patients or asymptomatic carriers and patients, and such epidemiological studies rely on highly discriminating typing systems Determine the relevance of the strain. In this paper, the traditional phenotype-based phage typing of Staphylococcus aureus, serological typing, drug resistance spectrum typing, coagulase typing and emerging plasmid typing, chromosomal DNA pulse electrophoresis typing, ribotyping and whole cell protein Atlas of molecular typing and other molecular typing methods are reviewed.