背景影响HBV携带率唯一最主要的因素是感染时的年龄。HBV感染慢性化的危险性与感染的年龄呈负相关:1岁前感染,慢性化的危险率为80～90%,婴幼儿期为20～50%,而成人仅有1～2%成为携带者。中国人群携带者中40～50%由母婴传播造成,而在其他民族中母婴传播并不常见。甚至在HBV高流行区的非洲,仅20%。携带者 Background The only major factor affecting HBV carrier rate is the age at the time of infection. The risk of chronic HBV infection is negatively correlated with the age of infection: 1 year prior to infection, the risk of chronic disease is 80-90%, 20-50% for infants and young children, and only 1 to 2% for adults are carriers By. Forty to fifty percent of China’s population of carriers are caused by mother-to-child transmission, while mother-to-child transmission is uncommon among other ethnic groups. Even in Africa, where HBV is endemic, only 20%. Carrier