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目的:调查分析某中小学水痘和腮腺炎同时爆发的流行病学特征。方法:选取沾益县某中心小学自2007年4月至2007年5月间水痘和腮腺炎同时爆发的病例进行研究分析。从中分析总结水痘和腮腺炎同时爆发的流行病学特征,进一步为日后的疾病防控工作提供可靠的参考依据。结果:调查结果显示,自2007年4月至2007年5月间某中心小学共发生流行性腮腺炎136例(罹患率为37.78%),各班均有病例,各年级间比较差异具有显著性,(P<0.05)具有统计学意义,其中四年级患者率高达62.26%(病例数33例),学前班患病人数最少,仅出现1例病例,罹患率1.85%;发现水痘病例110例,全校罹患率为30.56%,各班均有病例,各年级罹患率比较差异不具有显著性,(P>0.05)不具有统计学意义。结论:研究表明,由于早期病人管理不严,隔离不及时,患者治疗不彻底,导致疫情蔓延。为了控制腮腺炎、水痘流行,必须规范落实各项防控措施,加强流行季节的学校监制度,大力开展卫生知识宣传,提高学生、家长及教师的防病意识。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox and mumps in some primary and secondary schools simultaneously. Methods: A case of cases of simultaneous occurrence of chickenpox and mumps from April 2007 to May 2007 in a central primary school of Zhanyi County was studied. The epidemiological characteristics of simultaneous occurrence of chickenpox and mumps were analyzed and analyzed to provide a reliable reference for disease prevention and control in the future. Results: The survey results showed that there were 136 cases of mumps (attack rate was 37.78%) in a central primary school from April 2007 to May 2007, and there were cases in all classes, with significant differences among all grades (P <0.05). There were 62.26% patients in the fourth grade (33 cases), the least number of pre-school patients, only 1 case was found and the attack rate was 1.85%. There were 110 cases of chickenpox found in the whole school The attack rate was 30.56%. There were all cases in all classes. There was no significant difference in the attack rates among all grades (P> 0.05), but not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study shows that due to the poor management of early patients, isolation is not timely, the patient’s treatment is not complete, resulting in the spread of the epidemic. In order to control the prevalence of mumps and chickenpox, various prevention and control measures must be standardized and implemented to enhance the monitoring of epidemic-prone schools. Publicity of health knowledge should be vigorously promoted to raise the awareness of students, parents and teachers about disease prevention.